Wet Blue Diary

İstanbul çok karlı çıktı proje çekimleri için gittiğimde. Daha önce hiç dalmamıştım Marmara Denizinde ve hayran oldum. O bulanık tabakanın altında rengarenk bir zemin, bir sürü anemon, sünger tunikat, mercan ve eklembacaklı  türü bekliyormuş meğer. Birsürü ilave yapma fırsatını bulduk oluşturduğum veritabanına.

Rhizostoma pulmo

Özellikle Sivri Adaya bayıldım. Burada 35 metre derinliğe kadar indim ve fotograllarını çekebildiğim türleri yavaş yavaş paylaşacağım sizlerle. Sivri Adanın yanısıra Kalamış Marina içerisinde de  dalış yaptım dayımın teknesinin altında biriken kekomozları ve pervaneyi temizlemek için. Temizlik sonunda pontonların etrafında biraz dolaştım ve filtrasyon yoluyla ve mikroroganizmalarla beslenen canlı çeşitliliği inanılmaz şaşırttı beni.

Güzelcede bir fotoğraf ortaya çıktı A. aurita deniz anası önde dayımın teknesi arkada. Baya sevdim ben bu kareyi

Aurelia aurita

Sivri Adadan sonra dalış yaptığım Yandros Büyük Adanın arkasında bir kayalık. Burdada 26 metre kadar bir derinliğe indim ve kum zeminde birçok deniz kalemi, sünger ve tunikatla karşılaştım. O sırada geniş açı lens olduğu için (Sivri adada makroydu) bu tarz çekimler yapabildim ama makroda aklımda kalmadı değil. Burda karşılaştığım deniz anası türü R. pulmo harika fotoğraflar verdi ve çok güzel bir girdi oldu veritabanına.

Geçmiş yıllarda karşılaştığım bu deniz anasınıda paylaşmak istiyorum yeri gelmişken. Yazın Akdeniz’de görülebilen bu deniz anasının en ilginç özelliği yakıcı tentikülleri arasında koruma bulan yavru balıklar. Bunlar çeşitli olabilmekte ama burdakiler akya yavrusu. S. dumerili

Cotylorhiza tuberculata-Fried Egg Jellyfish

Bu yıl Mayıs ayında istanbula gelince yine dalışlar yapmayı planlıyorum. 4-5 dalış yapabilirsem oldukça fazla sayıda yeni türü fotoğraflama dırsatı bulabileceğimi düşünüyorum. Marmara Denizi çok farklı bir ekosistem ve düzelmek üzere okuduğum kadarıyla. Bakalım neler çıkıcak Mayısta…..

mert

Flabellina affinis

During the search for new species for my project, this beautiful seaslug was dancing on the fishing line as I saw it. Its movents was beautiful changing shape every second with the current. It was trying to find his way receiving chemical signals from the water probably and eating his lunch,  the algae on the fishing line

Question: Guess where it was trying to reach?

 Answer: Tring to reach to another one which is waiting on the Eudendrium hydroid species full off Flabellina eggs at the background

SPECIES HUNT IN KAS SCORE OF 7 DAYS

As the followers of WETBLUEDIARY and friends know I went to beautiful town KAŞ for photographing new species for the database project. Kaş turned out to be a very productive trip to me as I photographed around 20 new species for the project and many good photographs of the species I didn’t have high quality pictures in 7 days.

Here are the first group of fishes. I had some pictures of the rare sharp teeth murena Enchelycore anatina but it was taken with wide angle lens so I think this one sharper and has action inside with the teeth open (Its teeth is visible all the time because of its jaw shape). I had a chance to photograph some jack species and a small tuna species. The pictures of the fish in order is: 1-Seriola dumerili known as leerfish swimming on top of a wreck 2-Caranx crysos known as Blue runner caught while are hunting. They darken while hunting. 3- Auxis rochei photograped while hunting together with the blue runners

Sphyranea sphyranea under the both at shallow depth and I couldn’t help myself not to post the last picture of this big European barracuda posing nicely just at the perfect time If I had only know my buddy had something like that. We laughed looking at this picture for some time! The third species is beautiful Balistes carolinensis. The fourth picture is a very big specimen of Pagrus pagrus.

The third set of pictures belongs to a very important 4 species as I was looking for these guys for sometime. As you might guess it made me very happy, a smiley face for sometime (you must be thinking that I am a freak!) I looked so many places for the first two species until I found them; 1- Dactylopterus volitans-Gurnard-Kanatlı Kırlangıc, It was a huge one, Its always amazing to see this fish again. 2- Anthias anthias-Mediterranean fairy beasslet, At last! I found two colonies, they costed me 30 minutes of deco time (they were at 50 meters depth! ) 3-Pteromylaeus bovinus-Duckbill ray 4- Dentex gibbosus Lump headed bream, Although you can find this species in some places I didn’t had a chace to photograph it before.

And the last group of fishes. The first species, Serranus cabrilla-Comber.  I had this one before but this shot is a hit so I found it well worth to upload it here.  The second species is a new one for me,Vanderhorstia mertensi-Snapping prawn goby. It has a very interesting symbiotic relationship with the prawn where it shares its burrow with. The third one s also a new species called Striped remora-Echeneis naucrates. This one likes to live with big animals like green turtle Chelonia mydas or the duckbill ray above. This remora was lovely as it was trying to get protection from us. It was on my leg for 5 minute and Murat Draman carried it on his tank for 10 minutes without knowing that it was there.

I would like to thank here MURAT DRAMAN and GOKHAN TÜRE and all archipel staff for supporting me on my project and inviting me to KAŞ that allowed me to be able to take this wonderful pictures. Please go and visit their dive center ARCHIPEL in KAŞ. they have a wonderful crew and can offer many many outdoor sports like canooeing, hiking, biking and etc. apart from diving.

http://www.dragoman-turkey.com

Ahtapotlar gercektendünyadaki en zeki canlılardan biri. Denizlerimizde 3 tür ahtapot türü bulunmakta: Octopus macropus, octopus vulgaris ve octopus defilippi. Onlarla yapılan laboratuvar denemelerinde öğrenme kabileylerini defalarca kanıtladılar. Ahtopotların yanısıra, yakın akrabaları olan mürekkep balıkları ve kalamalarda gerçekten oldukça iyi avcılar ve zeki canlılar.

Bu canlıların en büyük özelliklerinden biride mükemmel derecedeki kamuflaj kabileyetleri.

The octopus inhabits many diverse regions of the ocean, especially coral reefs. The term may also be used to refer only to those creatures in the genus Octopus. In the larger sense, there are around 300 recognized octopus species, which is over one-third of the total number of known cephalopod species.

An octopus has eight arms, which trail behind it as it swims. Most octopuses have no internal or external skeleton, allowing them to squeeze through tight places. An octopus has a hard beak, with its mouth at the center point of the arms. Octopuses are highly intelligent, probably the most intelligent of all invertebrates. For defense against predators, they hide, flee quickly, expel ink, or use color-changing camouflage. Octopuses are bilaterally symmetrical, like other cephalopods, with two eyes and four pairs of arms. All octopuses are venomous, but only the small blue-ringed octopuses are deadly to humans.

Octopuses are characterized by their eight arms, usually bearing suction cups. The arms of octopuses are often distinguished from the pair of feeding tentacles found in squid and cuttlefish.^[6] Both types of limbs are muscular hydrostats. Unlike most other cephalopods, the majority of octopuses – those in the suborder most commonly known, Incirrina – have almost entirely soft bodies with no internal skeleton. They have neither a protective outer shell like the nautilus, nor any vestige of an internal shell or bones, like cuttlefish or squid. A beak, similar in shape to a parrot‘s beak, is the only hard part of their body. This enables them to squeeze through very narrow slits between underwater rocks, which is very helpful when they are fleeing from morays or other predatory fish. The octopuses in the less familiar Cirrina suborder have two fins and an internal shell, generally reducing their ability to squeeze into small spaces.

Octopuses have a relatively short life expectancy, and some species live for as little as six months. Larger species, such as the North Pacific Giant Octopus, may live for up to five years under suitable circumstances. However, reproduction is a cause of death: males can only live for a few months after mating, and females die shortly after their eggs hatch. They neglect to eat during the (roughly) one month period spent taking care of their unhatched eggs, but they don’t die of starvation. Endocrine secretions from the two optic glands are the cause of genetically-programmed death (and if these glands are surgically removed, the octopus may live many months beyond reproduction, until she finally starves).

Octopuses have three hearts. Two pump blood through each of the two gills, while the third pumps blood through the body. Octopus blood contains the copper-rich protein hemocyanin for transporting oxygen. Although less efficient under normal conditions than the iron-rich hemoglobin of vertebrates, in cold conditions with low oxygen pressure, hemocyanin oxygen transportation is more efficient than hemoglobin oxygen transportation. The hemocyanin is dissolved in the plasma instead of being carried within red blood cells and gives the blood a blue color. Octopuses draw water into their mantle cavity where it passes through its gills. As mollusks, octopuses have gills that are finely divided and vascularized outgrowths of either the outer or the inner body surface.

Intelligence

Octopuses are highly intelligent, likely more so than any other order of invertebrates. The exact extent of their intelligence and learning capability is much debated among biologists, but maze and problem-solvingshort- and long-term memory. Their short lifespans limit the amount they can ultimately learn. There has been much speculation to the effect that almost all octopus behaviors are independently learned rather than instinct-based, although this remains largely unproven. They learn almost no behaviors from their parents, with whom young octopuses have very little contact. experiments have shown that they do have both

An octopus has a highly complex nervous system, only part of which is localized in its brain. Two-thirds of an octopus’s neurons are found in the nerve cords of its arms, which have a remarkable amount of autonomy. Octopus arms show a wide variety of complex reflex actions arising on at least three different levels of the nervous system. Some octopuses, such as the Mimic Octopus, will move their arms in ways that emulate the movements of other sea creatures.

In laboratory experiments, octopuses can be readily trained to distinguish between different shapes and patterns. They have been reported to practice observational learning,although the validity of these findings is widely contested on a number of grounds.Octopuses have also been observed in what some have described as play: repeatedly releasing bottles or toys into a circular current in their aquariums and then catching them.Octopuses often break out of their aquariums and sometimes into others in search of food. They have even boarded fishing boats and opened holds to eat crabs.

In some countries, octopuses are on the list of experimental animals on which surgery may not be performed without anesthesia. In the UK, cephalopods such as octopuses are regarded as honorary vertebrates under the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 and other cruelty to animals legislation, extending to them protections not normally afforded to invertebrates.

Defense

An octopus’s main (primary) defense is to hide, either not to be seen at all, or not to be detected as an octopus.^[14]ink sacs, camouflage, and autotomising limbs. Octopuses have several secondary defenses (defenses they use once they have been seen by a predator). The most common secondary defense is fast escape. Other defenses include the use of

Most octopuses can eject a thick blackish ink in a large cloud to aid in escaping from predators. The main colouring agent of the ink is melanin, which is the same chemical that gives humans their hair and skin colour. This ink cloud is thought to reduce the efficiency of olfactory organs, which would aid an octopus’s evasion from predators that employ smell for hunting, such as sharks. Ink clouds of some species might serve as pseudomorphs, or decoys that the predator attacks instead.^[15]

An octopus’s camouflage is aided by certain specialized skin cells which can change the apparent color, opacity, and reflectiveness of the epidermis. Chromatophores contain yellow, orange, red, brown, or black pigments; most species have three of these colors, while some have two or four. Other color-changing cells are reflective iridophores, and leucophores (white).^[16] This color-changing ability can also be used to communicate with or warn other octopuses. The very venomous blue-ringed octopus becomes bright yellow with blue rings when it is provoked. Octopuses can use muscles in the skin to change the texture of their mantle in order to achieve a greater camouflage. In some species the mantle can take on the spiky appearance of seaweed, or the scraggly, bumpy texture of a rock, among other disguises. However in some species skin anatomy is limited to relatively patternless shades of one color, and limited skin texture. It is thought that octopuses that are day-active and/or live in complex habitats such as coral reefs have evolved more complex skin than their nocturnal and/or sand-dwelling relatives.^[14]

When under attack, some octopuses can perform arm autotomy, in a similar manner to the way skinks and other lizards detach their tails. The crawling arm serves as a distraction to would-be predators.

A few species, such as the Mimic Octopus, have a fourth defense mechanism. They can combine their highly flexible bodies with their color changing ability to accurately mimic other, more dangerous animals such as lionfish, sea snakes, and eels.^[17][18]

Reproduction

When octopuses reproduce, males use a specialized arm called a hectocotylus to insert spermatophores (packets of sperm) into the female’s mantle cavity. The hectocotylus in benthic octopuses is usually the third right arm. Males die within a few months of mating. In some species, the female octopus can keep the sperm alive inside her for weeks until her eggs are mature. After they have been fertilized, the female lays about 200,000 eggs (this figure dramatically varies between families, genera, species and also individuals). The female hangs these eggs in strings from the ceiling of her lair, or individually attaches them to the substrate depending on the species. The female cares for the eggs, guarding them against predators, and gently blowing currents of water over them so that they get enough oxygen. The female does not hunt during the roughly one-month period spent taking care of the unhatched eggs and may ingest some of her own arms for sustenance. At around the time the eggs hatch, the mother leaves the lair and is too weak to defend herself from predators like cod, often succumbing to their attacks. The young larval octopuses spend a period of time drifting in clouds of plankton, where they feed on copepods, larval crabs and larval starfish until they are ready to sink down to the bottom of the ocean, where the cycle repeats itself. In some deeper dwelling species, the young do not go through this period. This is a dangerous time for the larval octopuses; as they become part of the plankton cloud they are vulnerable to many plankton eaters.

Octopuses have keen eyesight. Although their slit-shaped pupils might be expected to afflict them with astigmatism, it appears that this is not a problem in the light levels in which an octopus typically hunts.^{[citation needed]} Octopuses, like other cephalopods, can distinguish the polarization of light. Color vision appears to vary from species to species, being present in Octopus aegina but absent in Octopus vulgaris^[19]. Attached to the brain are two special organs, called statocysts, that allow the octopus to sense the orientation of its body relative to horizontal. An autonomic response keeps the octopus’s eyes oriented so that the pupil slit is always horizontal.

Octopuses also have an excellent sense of touch. An octopus’s suction cups are equipped with chemoreceptors so that the octopus can taste what it is touching. The arms contain tension sensors so that the octopus knows whether its arms are stretched out. However, the octopus has a very poor proprioceptive sense. The tension receptors are not sufficient for the octopus brain to determine the position of the octopus’s body or arms. (It is not clear that the octopus brain would be capable of processing the large amount of information that this would require; the flexibility of an octopus’s arms is much greater than that of the limbs of vertebrates, which devote large areas of cerebral cortex to the processing of proprioceptive inputs.) As a result, the octopus does not possess stereognosis; that is, it does not form a mental image of the overall shape of the object it is handling. It can detect local texture variations, but cannot integrate the information into a larger picture.^[20]

The neurological autonomy of the arms means that the octopus has great difficulty learning about the detailed effects of its motions. The brain may issue a high-level command to the arms, but the nerve cords in the arms execute the details. There is no neurological path for the brain to receive feedback about just how its command was executed by the arms; the only way it knows just what motions were made is by observing the arms visually^.

Octopuses move about by crawling or swimming. Their main means of slow travel is crawling, with some swimming. Jet propulsion is their fastest means of locomotion, followed by swimming and walking.^[21]

They crawl by walking on their arms, usually on many at once, on both solid and soft surfaces, while supported in water. In 2005 it was reported that some octopuses (Adopus aculeatus and Amphioctopus marginatus under current taxonomy) can walk on two arms, while at the same time resembling plant matter.^[22] This form of locomotion allows these octopuses to move quickly away from a potential predator while possibly not triggering that predator’s search image for octopus (food).^[21] Octopuses lack bones and are extremely vulnerable to predators.

Octopuses swim by expelling a jet of water from a contractile mantle, and aiming it via a muscular siphon.

The North Pacific Giant Octopus, Enteroctopus dofleini, is often cited as the largest octopus species. Adults usually weigh around 15 kg (33 lb), with an arm span of up to 4.3 m (14 ft).^[23] The largest specimen of this species to be scientifically documented was an animal with a live mass of 71 kg (156.5 lb).^[24] The alternative contender is the Seven-arm Octopus, Haliphron atlanticus, based on a 61 kg (134 lb) carcass estimated to have a live mass of 75 kg (165 lb).^[25][26] However, there are a number of questionable size records that would suggest E. dofleini is the largest of all octopus species by a considerable margin;^[27] one such record is of a specimen weighing 272 kg (600 lb) and having an arm span of 9 m (30 ft).

There are three forms of the plural of octopus; namely, octopuses, octopi, and octopodes. Currently, octopuses is the most common form in the US as well as the UK; octopodes is rare, and octopi is often objectionable.^[29]

The Oxford English Dictionary (2004 update^[30]) lists octopuses, octopi and octopodes (in that order); it labels octopodes “rare”, and notes that octopi derives from the mistaken assumption that octōpūs is a second declensionLatin noun, which it is not. Rather, it is (Latinized) Greek, from oktṓpous (ὀκτώπους), gender masculine, whose plural is oktṓpodes (ὀκτώποδες). If the word were native to Latin, it would be octōpēs (‘eight-foot’) and the plural octōpedes, analogous to centipedes and mīllipedes, as the plural form of pēs (‘foot’) is pedes. The actual Latin word is “polypus,” which does render the plural “polypi.” In modern Greek, it is called khtapódi (χταπόδι), gender neuter, with plural form khtapódia (χταπόδια).

Chambers 21st Century Dictionary^[31] and the Compact Oxford Dictionary^[32] list only octopuses, although the latter notes that octopodes is “still occasionally used”; the British National Corpus has 29 instances of octopuses, 11 of octopi and 4 of octopodes. Merriam-Webster 11th Collegiate Dictionary lists octopuses and octopi, in that order; Webster’s New World College Dictionary lists octopuses, octopi and octopodes (in that order).

Fowler’s Modern English Usage states that “the only acceptable plural in English is octopuses,” and that octopi is misconceived and octopodes pedantic.

The term octopod (plural octopods or octopodes) is taken from the taxonomic order Octopoda but has no classical equivalent. The collective form octopus is usually reserved for animals consumed for food.

Ancient peoples of the Mediterranean were aware of the octopus, as evidenced by certain artworks and designs of prehistory. For example, a stone carving found in the archaeological recovery from Bronze Age Minoan Crete at Knossos has a depiction of a fisherman carrying an octopus.

The Moche people of ancient Peru worshipped the sea and its animals; moreover, octopuses were often depicted in their art.

The Hawaiʻian creation myth relates that the present cosmos is only the last of a series, having arisen in stages from the wreck of the previous universe. In this account, the octopus is the lone survivor of the previous, alien universe

Many species of octopus are eaten as food by human cultures around the world. The arms and sometimes other parts of the body are prepared in various ways, often depending on the species being eaten.

Care must be taken to boil the octopus properly, to rid it of slime and the smell, as well as any residual ink.

Octopus is a common ingredient in Japanese cuisine, including sushi, takoyaki, and Akashiyaki. Some small species are sometimes eaten alive as a novelty and health food . Similarly, a live octopus may be sliced up and the legs eaten while still squirming, which they continue to do for some minutes.

Octopus is also eaten regularly in Hawaii, many of the popular dishes being Asian in origin. Locally known by their Hawaiian or Japanese names, (“he’e” and “tako” respectively) octopus is also a popular catch used as fish bait.

Octopus is also a common food in Mediterranean cuisine and Portuguese cuisine. In Galicia, polbo á feira (market fair style octopus) is a local delicacy. Restaurants which specialize or serve this dish are known as pulperías. On the Tunisian island of Djerba, the local people catch octopuses by taking advantage of the animals’ habit of hiding in safe places during the night. In the evening they put grey ceramic pots on the sea bed. The morning of the following day they check for the octopuses that used them as shelter.

According to the USDA Nutrient Database (2007), cooked octopus contains approximately 139 calories per three ounce portion, and is a source of vitamin B3, B12, potassium, phosphorus, and selenium.^[37]

As pets

Though octopuses can be difficult to keep in captivity, some people keep them as pets. Octopuses often escape even from supposedly secure tanks, due to their problem solving skills, mobility and lack of rigid structure.

The variation in size and life span among octopus species makes it difficult to know how long a new specimen can naturally be expected to live. That is, a small octopus may be just born or may be an adult, depending on its species. By selecting a well-known species, such as the California Two-spot Octopus, one can choose a small octopus (around the size of a tennis ball) and be confident that it is young with a full life ahead of it.

Octopuses are also quite strong for their size. Octopuses kept as pets have been known to open the covers of their aquariums and survive for a time in the air in order to get to a nearby feeder tank and gorge themselves on the fish there. They have also been known to catch and kill some species of sharks.

Yaban TV de ‘Gizli Derinlikler’

10 bolumluk benimle yapılan bir sualtı programı. Pazartesi gece saat 22.00 de baslıyor. Her pazartesi Yaban TV saat 22.00′de program devam edecek.

Programın icerigi yakın zamanda Bodrum Kalesinde gerceklestirdiğimiz sualtı fotograf sergisi ve www.wetbluediary.com içerisinde de yer alan kitap projesi icin yeni sualtı türleri arayısı. Sualtı fotografları ve sualtından bunlarla ilgili video gorüntüleri.

Tekrar programları; Sali 12.30-Cuma 00.30-Cumartesi 18.00-Pazar 08.30

sevgiler,
mert

MERT GÖKALP SUALTI FOTOĞRAF SERGİSİ  (UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY EXHIBITION) 21-31 Temmuz 2009

Sergideki fotoğrafları wetbluediary sitesi içerisinden seçip internetten sipariş vererek almanız artık mümkün. Tek yapmanız gereken istediğiniz ebadı bildirip mert.gokalp@gmail.com adresine fotografın gönderilmesini istediğiniz adresinizle beraber bir e-mail göndermek. Sergideki fotograflar tuval üzerine digital baskıdır ve istege baglı olarak rulo veya kasnağa gerilmiş olarak gönderilir. Fotograflar sınırlı adette basılmaktadır.

(Ayrıca WETBLUEDIARY içerisinde yayınlanan herhangi bir fotografı da alabilirsiniz.)

Asagıdaki fotograflarda sergideki boylarıyla ve bu ölçüler için fiyatlarıyla  birlikte fotografları gormektesiniz. Bu fotografların aşağıdaki ebat seçeneklerinde de olması mümkündür. Bu ebatlardaki fiyatlar boyutlarına göre değişmektedir.

30×45 cm, 40×60 cm , 50x70cm, 60×80 cm, 75x100cm, 80×120 cm

KENYA FOTOGRAFLARI – KENYA MOMBASA PHOTOGRAPHS

 

AKDENİZ FOTOGRAFLARI – MEDITERRANEAN SEA PHOTOGRAPHS

Above there are my underwater photographs from the last weeks exhibition in Bodrum Castle. You can select any of these pictures from the exhibition and give an order from the net. The only thing you need to do is; Sending your address together with the selected photograph and the size and style (roll , without frame or with frame you want it to my e-mail address:  mert.gokalp@gmail.com. The artwork in the exhibition is digital prints on canvas and depending on your desire it can be shipped to you either roll or with wooden frame. The artwork is printed in limited number.

(Additionally you can purchase any photograph shown inside  WETBLUEDIARY)

Below you can see the photographs with sizes and prices on them. There are different options for sizes and prices differ according to this size. If you select to buy digital prints as rolls the prices are lowered and shipping costs are lowered as well. The shipping costs are not included in these prices and depends on which country you reside and which shipping company you want to work with.

Here are the sizes for prints : 30×45 cm, 40×60 cm , 50x70cm, 60×80 cm, 75x100cm, 80×120 cm

MERT GÖKALP SUALTI FOTOĞRAF SERGİSİ (UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY EXHIBITION

Başlangıç:21 Temmuz 2009 Salı, 18:30
Bitiş:31 Temmuz 2009 Cuma, 21:30
Yer:BODRUM KALESİ HALUK ELBE SANAT GALERİSİ
Cadde/Sokak:BODRUM KALE CADDESİ
Şehir/Kasaba:Bodrum, Turkey

Telefon:905377086534
E-posta:mert.gokalp@gmail.com

Açıklama
1. Kişisel Sergimde:

- Doğu Akdeniz Deniz Canlıları Veritabanı Projesinden seçilmilmiş en güzel sualtı fotoğrafları
- Doğu Afrika Kıyıları Mombasa Mercan Resifleri, Kisete & Wasini Deniz Parkından rengarenk resif fotoğrafları
- Rengarenk süper makro sualtı fotoğrafları
- Mavisi bol Geniş Açı Sualltı fotoğrafları
- Ve sualtında modellerle yapılmış çekimler

Bunların hepsini bu sualtı sergisinde bulabilirsiniz. Açılış kokteyline gelip bu özel günümde benimle güzel fotoğraflar eşliğinde olmanızı çok isterim. Sergide eserler tuval üzerine baskı yöntemiyle hazırlanıp, sunulucaktır ve beğenilen çalışmaların satışıda sergi süresince mümkündür.

Açılış Kokteyline Sizleri Bekliyorum,
Bodrum Kalesi Haluka Elbe Sanat Galerisi Saat 18:30
Mert Gökalp
———————————————————————-

In my first exhibition you will have a chance to see:
- The selected photographs of underwater creatures from the project ‘EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN MARINE SPECIES DATABASE’
- Colorful tropical reef pictures from Indian Ocean-Eastern Africa Coast, Mombasa Reefs, Wasini & Kisete National Parks
- Super macro shots of marine creatures
- Wide angle underwater shots with lots of blue inside
- And shootings with models underwater

You can find all of those and alot more in this exhibition. I am asking you to come and be with me in the opening cokteyl. You will get a chance to visit the blue depths that is less known to us. The artwotk in the exhibition is printed on canvas. You will have a chance to buy your selection of underwater artwork during the period of the exhibition.

Opening Cockteyl 21 July 18:30
I am waiting you to the exhibition..
Mert Gökalp

Tunicate, also known as urochordata, tunicata (and by the common names of urochordates, sea squirts, and sea pork^[1]) is a subphylum of a group of underwater saclike filter feeders with incurrent and excurrent siphons, that are members of the phylum Chordata. Most tunicates feed by filtering sea water through pharyngeal slits, but some are sub-marine predators such as the Megalodicopia hians. Like other chordates, tunicates have a notochord during their early development, but lack myomeric segmentation throughout the body and tail as adults. Tunicates lack the kidney-like metanephridial organs, and the original coelom body-cavity develops into a pericardial cavity and gonads. Except for the pharynx, heart and gonads, the organs are enclosed in a membrane called an epicardium, which is surrounded by the jelly-like mesenchyme. Tunicates begin life in a mobile larval stage that resembles a tadpole, later developing into a barrel-like and usually sedentary adult form.

While most tunicates live on the ocean floor, salps, doliolids, and pyrosomes live above in the pelagic zone as adults.

Tunicates apparently evolved in the early Cambrian period, beginning c 540 million years ago. Despite their simple appearance, tunicates are closely related to vertebrates, which include fish and all land animals with bones.

ZOOLOGY: A hydroid in zoology is an animal that superficially appears plant-like. Hydroids are however carnivorous animals that feed on minute crustaceans. Hydroids are related to jellyfish, sea anemones and corals. Some species live a solitary existence, others live in colonies.

BOTANY: A hydroid in botany is a type of cell contained in many mosses. When it dies, it leaves a tiny channel which water can travel through. The hydroid may be the progenitor of the tracheid, the characteristic water-conducting cell of the tracheophytes. The hydroid lacks lignin (a waterproofing substance that also lends structural support) and the cell wall structure found in tracheids.